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Psychological And Physical Side Effects On Children Essay

Divorce causes both psychological and physical side effects in the involved children. Typically, children enter into an emotional state of fear and anxiety resulting from the monumental changes occurring within their environmental and family contexts. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) defines anxiety and fear as, â€Å"†¦the emotional response to real or perceived threats, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat† (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 189). Children of divorce often experience both emotional states simultaneously. Children also experience fear stemming from the current perceived threat of their parents’ divorcing, and they experience anxiety stemming from the perceived threat of a radically different parental relationship and home environment. While not necessarily called to engage in psychoanalysis or official medical diagnoses, those serving within a pastoral role will routinely encounter children dealing with the realities of divorce. Ministers should be well aware of the physical symptoms of fear and anxiety in order to discern such issues within their younger parishioners and determine the necessity of a counseling referral. Numerous physical side effects manifest within children experiencing the emotional states of fear and anxiety. These symptoms can range from restlessness, sweating, and hyperventilation, to chest tightness and gastro-intestinal issues. Children battling excessive fear and anxiety oftenShow MoreRelatedEssay about Abortion Is Murder1200 Words   |  5 Pagesratification, more than forty-eight million unborn children have been killed by means of abortion in the United States since the Roe vs. Wade judgment (Abortion in the United States).With abortion outlawed, these lives could have been saved and given the opportunity to live. Abortion is a form of murder, which is why it should be abolished. In addition, abortion can also lead to detrimental side effects, which are both physical and psychological. Finally, there are thousands of families who are waitingRead MoreEssay on Stress Management649 Words   |  3 Pagespresent different impacts on each individual. Stressors have a physical and psychological effect on people although some people seem to be much less effected by stress being able to withstand high levels of stress almost as if there daily lives depend on it. 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Women Leadership Free Essays

string(30) " viewed as equally competent\." WOMEN AND LEADERSHIP Leadership: A simple definition of leadership is that leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Put even more simply, the leader is the inspiration and director of the action. He or she is the person in the group that possesses the combination of personality and skills that makes others want to follow his or her direction. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now In business, leadership is welded to performance. Effective leaders are those who increase their companies‘ bottom lines. To further confuse the issue, we tend to use the terms â€Å"leadership† and â€Å"management† interchangeably, referring to a company’s management structure as its leadership, or to individuals who are actually managers as the â€Å"leaders† of various management teams. Is a leader born or made? While there are people who seem to be naturally endowed with more leadership abilities than others, all believe that people can learn to become leaders by concentrating on improving particular leadership skills. 1. A leader plans. 2. A leader has a vision. 3. A leader takes charge . A leader shares her vision 5. A leader inspires through example. Women Leadership: When modern feminists movement emerged it dint feature much discussion of leadership. There was virtually no analysis of what feminist leadership might entail. Because leadership has been largely a privilege of men, and feminism focused on women. It is understandable that study of leadership dint have mu ch salience. Feminists wanted to understand the women‘s experiences and routes of women‘s oppression. Psychologists is particular have neglected study of women. Therefore, new topics emerged – sexual harassment, rape, math anxiety, family violence and the politics of reproductive rights, to name just a few. To study leadership is it in organizations or in politics would have meant focusing on men. The discovery and development of women focus topics made a good sense. Much has changed. Women are now far more common in ranks of leaders. For example, women occupy 24% of chief executive positions in United States (U. S Bureau of Labor Statistics- 2006). They constitute 44% of school principles (U. S National Center for Education Statistics, 2005) and 21% of college and University presidents (Corrigan, 2002). It makes sense that feminists find the study of leadership appropriate now that it addresses the experiences of women as well as men. Although women remain rare in the corporate leadership and greatly under presented in politics, women‘s increasing presence in these and other leadership roles raises many questions about their functioning as leaders. When it comes to leadership, does gender matter? Is there a difference between women leaders and men who lead? Characteristics that distinguish women leaders from men in leadership: ? Women leaders are more assertive and persuasive, have a stronger need to get things done and are more willing to take risks than male leaders. ? Women leaders were also found to be more empathetic and flexible, as well as stronger in interpersonal skills than their male counterparts enabling them to read situations accurately and take information in from all sides. ? These women leaders are able to bring others around to their point of view because they are leading feel more understood, supported and valued. Four specific statements about women’s leadership qualities: ? ? ? ? Women leaders are more persuasive than their male counterparts. When feeling the sting of rejection, women leaders learn from adversity and carry on with an â€Å"I’ll show you† attitude. Women leaders demonstrate an inclusive, team-building leadership style of problem solving and decision making. Women leaders are more likely to ignore rules and take risks. This evidence – that the leadership style of women is not simply unique but possibly at odds with what men practice – begs the question: Do these qualities have value in the marketplace? Is this type of leadership welcomed by society and by the public and private sector? Differences between women and men leadership: There are several key ways in which people respond differently to women and men who are leaders. Conflicting, sets of expectations, high-profile women leaders in the United States are relentlessly held to a higher standard than their male counterparts. ? Different Responses to Women and Men in Leadership Roles Researchers have identified four key ways in which female and male leaders elicit different responses from those around them. These different responses appear to be due, not so much to different leadership behaviors by women and men, as to the stimulus value of women or men in these roles. A woman leader stimulates a different reaction than a male leader because of learned expectations, shaped and supported by the surrounding social structure, that invalidate and undercut women‘s attempts to be effective, influential, and powerful. ? Women are expected to combine Leadership with Compassion—and are disliked when they don’t Researchers have long found that people think ? male? when they think ? leader?. Because of perceived incompatibility between the requirements of femininity and those of leadership, women are often required to ? soften? their leadership styles to gain the approval of their constituents. Women who do not temper their agency and competence with warmth and friendliness risk being disliked and less influential. Women who lead with an autocratic style are the targets of more disapproval than those who enact a more democratic style; men may choose the autocratic style with relative impunity, if they are effective leaders. Often requires the application of a ? harder? eadership style, they are disliked and disparaged. ? People do not listen to or take direction from women as comfortably as from men The stereotype that women are more talkative than men is unsupported by evidence. Women report that they do not feel listened to, that when they speak in meetings their comments and suggestions are ignored or belittled—and that the same comments or suggestions from men have more impact. Field studies of small group meetings in organizations show that women leaders are targets of more displays of negative emotion than men leaders, even when both sets of leaders are viewed as equally competent. You read "Women Leadership" in category "Leadership" Women who promote themselves and their abilities reap disapproval Women who act more confident and assertive than is normative for women run the risk of disapproval. Research demonstrates that when women promote their own accomplishments it can cause their audience to view them as more competent—but at the cost of viewing them as less likeable. Men who promote their own accomplishments do not reap the same mixed outcomes: as long as they do not overdo it, self-promotion brings them both higher evaluations of competence and likeability. ? Women require more external validation than men do to be accepted as leaders in some contexts In competitive, highly-masculinized contexts, simply having leadership training or taskrelated expertise does not guarantee a woman‘s success unless accompanied by legitimating by another established leader. Gender stereotypes interfere with observers‘ ability to see women‘s competence; it is sometimes necessary to for a high-status other to provide them with credibility. Qualities of Women Leader: ? Committed. ? Outspoken. ? Enthusing. ? Vivacious. ? Happy. ? Creator. ? Charismatic. ? Lively. ? Talented. ? Friendly. ? Free-Spirited. ? Outgoing. ? Measured. ? Reflective. ? Spirited. ? Open and Honest. ? Determined. ? Cheerful. Altruistic. ? Keeping my interests ? Feisty. ? Inspirational. ? Trustworthy. ? Positive. ? Forthright. ? Energetic. ? Passion. ? Inspiring. ? Supportive. ? Optimistic. ? Cosmopolitan. ? Impressive. ? Eclectic. ? Fair. ? Hardworking. ? Confident. ? Assertive. ? Caring. ? Articulate. ? Humorous. to my self. ? Complex. ? Resilient. ? Calm. ? Spar kling Women Empowerment: ‘Women’s empowerment’ is the ability to exercise full control over one’s actions. The Government of India had ushered in the new millennium by declaring the year 2001 as ‘Women’s Empowerment Year’ to focus on a vision ‘where women are equal partners like men’. The last decades have witnessed some basic changes in the status and role of women in our society. There has been shift in policy approaches from the concept of ‘welfare’ in the seventies to ‘development’ in the eighties and now to ’empowerment’ in the nineties. The Constitution of India grants equality to women in various fields of life. Yet a large number of women are either ill equipped or not in a position to propel themselves out of their traditionally unsatisfactory socio-economic conditions. Leaving a meager number of urban and sub-urban women, Indian women are still crying for social justice. A review of government’s various programmes for women empowerment such as Swashakti, Swayamsidha, Streeshakti, Balika samrudhi yojana and another two thousand projects reveal that little has been done or achieved through these programmes. The discrepancy in the ideology and practice of the empowerment policy of women in India constitutes its continued social, economic and social backwardness Empowerment would not hold any meaning unless they are made strong, alert and aware of their equal status in the society. The need of the hour is to improve female literacy as education holds the key to development. Empowerment would become more relevant if women are educated, better informed and can take rational decisions. The greatest challenge is to recognize the obstacles that stand in the way of their right to good health. To be useful to the family, community and the society, women must be provided with health care facilities. They should be provided with proper wages and work at par with men so that their status can be elevated in society. In recent years there have been explicit moves to increase women’s political participation. The Women’s reservation policy bill is however a very sad story as it is repeatedly being scuttled in parliament. In the Panchayati Raj system, however, women have been given representation as a sign of political empowerment. There are many elected women representatives at the village council level. However their power is restricted, as it the men who wield all the authority. Their decisions are often over-ruled by the government machinery. It is crucial to train and give real power to these women leaders so that they can catalyst change in their villages regarding women. All this shows that the process of gender equality and women’s empowerment still has a long way to go and may even have become more difficult in the recent years. The main reason for the contradiction is that, targeted schemes tend to have only limited impact when the basic thrust of development is not reaching an average woman, making her life more fragile and vulnerable. To make a positive change basic infrastructure should be provided in every village and city. To begin with, providing safe drinking water supply and better sanitation not only directly improved the lives and health of women but also reduces their workload in terms of provisioning and ensuring such facilities. An access to affordable cooking fuel reduces the need to travel long distances in search of fuel wood. Improved transport connecting villages with each other and with towns can also directly improve living conditions as well as unpaid labour time spent in transporting household items. It can also lead to access to a wider range of goods and services plus a better access to health facilities. Expenditure on food subsidy and better provisions for public distribution services directly affects the lives of women and girl children in terms of adequate nutrition. The patterns of resource mobilization by government also have significant effects on women that are usually not recognized. When taxes are regressive and fall disproportionately on items of mass consumption, once again these tend to affect women more. This is not only because the consumption of such items may be curtailed but also because the provisioning of such items is frequently considered to be the responsibility of the women of the household. Also credit policies reduce the flow of credit to small-scale enterprises thus reducing the employment opportunities for women. There is a need to have womenfriendly economic policies that can enhance their social and economic position and make them self-reliant. There is no doubt about the fact that development of women has always been the central focus of planning since Independence. Empowerment is a major step in this direction but it has to be seen in a relational context. A clear vision is needed to remove the obstacles to the path of women’s emancipation both from the government and women themselves. Efforts should be directed towards all round development of each and every section of Indian women by giving them their due share. Impact women leaders contribute to business: ? There are three key drivers why businesses are interested in women today: leadership, talent and markets. There is now data and studies to prove that more women in leadership means better bottom-line performance. Fortune 500 companies with the most women at the top have a 35 percent higher return on shareholder return to equity, and a Catalyst study showed boards with more than three women on them have an 83 percent higher return to shareholder value than boards without women. It’s not about women taking over everything, it’s about having gender balance because that really does seem to tie into much greater profitability and striking performance financially. ? One of the most compelling reasons for an organization to pay attention to the demographic makeup of its workforce is that a diverse employee base can have significant bottom-line impact. Yet, when the issue is workplace gender balance and actualizing women’s economic and leadership potential, India trails behind less developing countries. ? Oftentimes when the subject of women in business is discussed, comparisons with men are made as if men are the barometer for business. This is a false perception and false too is the language. Business is not an entity separated from life; it is an entity encompassed by life. The definitions of a business consists of a line of work, to work, a profession, a job, a trade, a position, a vocation, a field, a calling and a career. Before today, societies around the globe have claimed that women didn‘t work and therefore couldn‘t understand the parameters of ? formal? business. This misconception rivals some of the largest platitudes in history: the near-sighted earth is flat, the purposeful stork delivers babies and the perforated theory of evolution. The business world has presented itself to women as if it spoke a foreign language on an uncharted map. But the truth is that the language is fabricated and the world of business operates in a land not unknown to women. By definition, everything women do and have always done is in fact a business. Women have labored the child, harvested the crop, fed the hungry, nursed the needy and educated the willing. All of those are jobs, careers, trades, vocations and callings. Women aren‘t new to business; they‘re only new to the financial rewards. ? Today, more than ever, women are in the workplace and now own the workplace. Women have always been established in business but now they are in business for profit by way of monetary means. Today over 10 million businesses are owned or controlled by women and those businesses account for over two (2) trillion dollars in sales. That‘s an astounding number and a resounding accomplishment when all considerations are factored. This doesn‘t come as a result of women learning anything new. This is a manifestation of which women already are: industrious, innovative, instinctive and intelligent. The traits of women are not to be compared with that of men, just shared in composition of a more productive and progressive society. Every household around the world that houses women, women manage and most commonly manage well. The interactive and intuitive management style of women is a prerequisite to a thriving business and a productive workplace environment. Women-owned businesses employ almost 20 million people and steadily rising. ? There was a time not long ago when any man in a three-piece suit could qualify for a business loan. Those times are no more, as much money was lost and many laws were circumvented. The measures applied in today‘s market are far more reasonable and more accessible to female entrepreneurs. Commercial lenders and Venture Capitalists want to see that the company has done its research in that respective field. It‘s important for them to know that you have experience in this area of expertise. Another major factor will be how you intend to market the product and what the infrastructure of the company is. As you design your company, research successful companies already in that industry, introduce yourselves to other women in business and network to assist each other. Those around you that make claims of what you can‘t do must be excluded from your conversations, so that you may focus on the task at hand. Whether you are single, a single mother or married, taking advantage of free enterprise is the way to independence and interdependence. The success in business that any male has experienced is not because males possess some superior trait over women; it‘s because men have been the only players. Women can compete in any and every business. It‘s just a matter of choice and now that choice is ours. For one to operate a successful business, they must first define what su ccess is in their own terms. ? The sole reason why the numbers of women-owned businesses aren‘t more reflective of the population is because they haven‘t been encouraged to do and supported when doing so. It‘s been a blight on the world community and a recessive gene to societal growth. Today we see women straightening that crooked path and every society will become a more powerful force because of it. Yesterday, we gorged the bitterness of bigotry. Today, we taste the fruits of unity and diversity. Today, we plant the untainted seeds of effortless innovation and boundless meritocracy. Today, little girls and little boys will witness the ubiquitous talents of women in power and exalt their leadership. Young women will know they have a reasonable option before them and no law will disallow their choices. It‘s paramount that not only young women see their defined roles as unrestrained but that young men do and work in concert as we brave a new world. It‘s true: Today is the greatest day in the history of the world and tomorrow will be even better. Challenges for women leadership: In spite of decades of organization and legislative support for gender equality, it appears that there is still very much a glass ceiling facing women in many aspects of leadership. Most women gaining or holding leadership roles – whether in the workplace or in community organizations – Face many challenges and oppositions which can be very hurtful and demoralizing. Women leaders still face many unique challenges brought on by a combination of social and cultural stereotyping, gender bias, family demands and also their innate female tendencies. Women leaders still earn less in general, receive less recognition and less support especially in the male dominated, competitive corporate world but also in other professional fields, such as medicine. The most common challenges faced by women leaders are: ? The challenge of family responsibility: It is a common lament that women are expected to juggle the demands of career and family, with constant criticism from both sides for failure to achieve perfection. For women leaders, the constant struggle to balance their responsibilities in both the professional and personal arena can be overwhelming, especially given the lack of support and the constant fight they have against the obstacles generated from traditional prejudices and gender stereotyping. In the greatest majority of break ups it is the woman who leaves. She leaves because her needs weren‘t given sufficient weight in the relationship. However still men around with a 1950‘s masculinity are happy for their women to work if they can manage it around all their other commitments at home. They expect their working wives to do everything that their stay -at-home mothers do. ? The challenges from personal inclinations: For many women, learning to operate and succeed in a male dominated world means having to learn to over ride or ignore their more feminine inclinations. When the women get overwhelmed by the responsibility of looking after everyone and everything, these men offer no support except to tell their wives that they will have to quit their job if they can‘t cope. ? Woman has a potential and power to be a leader. However women often lack opportunities skills and resources for realizing their potential. Much of women‘s leadership over the centuries has been invisible because the question of leadership has been viewed through gender – biased lenses. Women have been pulling together to make something happen , but all of these have been viewed as ordinary and domestic work, performed in the private sphere that did not qualify for leadership. So the first challenge is to make women‘s leadership visible. ? Gender biased lenses see leadership as happening in the ? public sphere ? hich was for generations and still is to an extent the domain of men. Ironically even women have and still reinforce this bias, which is an indication that the way we are socialized determines how we think and act. a very big challenge is becoming aware that we need new lenses that will make us see thing differently. How to overcome the challenges faced by women in leadership: When we have seen each other ’s work we learned the value of different work and further understood the roles of women in disasters and communities and how to strengthen their leadership. Leadership has no gender does it? May be women are more conscious of themselves, they can lead as well as men. The Leader at home is mostly a woman who have created talented children, built savings, assets and they can built Nation with character 1. The philosophy of Panchayati Raj is deeply steeped in the tradition and culture of rural India and is by no means a new concept. ?The rationale behind the concept is to involve the public in local planning, identification of beneficiaries, decision making and proper implementation of policies and programmes of the people as described by them. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have today the basic commitment towards rural development. 2 . Panchayati Raj, as a system of governance, has had its ebbs and flows in the Indian polity ever since Indian attained independence. Various committees headed by Balwant Rai Mehta, Ashok Mehta, V. P. Naik, P. B. Patil, G. V. R. Rao, L. N. Singhvi overhauled these institutions which gave necessary impetus to the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act. Gender equality and gender equity are emerging as major challenges in the global development debate. Social scientists and development activists are giving increasing emphasis to these fields in their agenda for research and development. 4 As Noble Prizewinning economist Amartya Sen has pointed out, ? Democracy is not only the goal of development, it is the primary means of development. 5. Women‘s participation in political processes is important for strengthening democracy and for their struggle against marginalisation, trivialisation and oppression. Emergence of women as a strong group would change the prevailing political practices, the nature and content of debates in the legislature and women‘s issues can be taken care of from the feminist perspective both in policy formulation and implementation. .6. In fact, right from the days of the freedom struggle the Indian women have been consistently encouraged to take part in active politics. But due to the vitiated political milieu, resulting from increasing politicization and criminalization of politics, he level of political participation of women has been adversely affected despite the fact that there has been a marked increase in the level of literacy and political awareness among women. . India is perhaps the first country to recognize this social fact underlined by Lenin on the International Working Women‘s Day in 1921,8 and to have taken concrete measures to draw women into leadership positions and thereby into politics by giving them one-third reservation in wha t may now be called the third tier of governance—the Panchayati Raj. The constitutional amendment providing one-third representation to women in elected bodies as well as reserving one-third of the offices of chairpersons for them will have far-reaching consequences in Indian political and social life. Now, some general observations can be made regarding the role of women in grassroots level governance. It has come to the notice that the percentage of women at various levels of political activities has increased formally. The general trend is that those in politics are women belonging to the younger age-group between 25-45. It is also revealed that women take up political career as an extension of their domestic role. While women have been active in mass movements, their presence is not felt in decisionmaking. The influence of the husbands and close relatives is quite palpable. This tendency is due to lack of confidence. This dependency is a stumping block in their empowerment. ?Another positive impact of the grassroot level experiment is the increase in the female literacy rate. Studies reveal that after two years of their election to PRIs, many women demanded literacy skills and also felt the need to educate their daughters. Issues in which women representatives generally take interest are drinking water supply, primary health, child care, public distribution system and environmental protection. One quality observed among women representatives is their patience to hear the problems of the public. They also work in adverse circumstances. It has been observed that women representatives are honest and accurate in presenting issues to the decision-making bodies and authorities. Women would bring new ideas in local governance. They believe in a sustainable development and their emphasis is on natural resources management. Women representatives working at the grassroot level also believe that communal harmony is an important element of development and they strive to achieve this objective. Another promising fact is that they do not indulge in corrupt practices. The elected women have exhibited their leadership in solving some of the local problems and creating facilities for betterment of the rural society. Women are considered an extremely pivotal point in the process of change in the rural areas. Women‘s participation in panchayats provided opportunities to women to participate in the decision-making process. Women‘s participation proved to be the most effective instrument in bringing about a change in their way of life in terms of economic well-being and adoption of new technology. Women‘s entry into PRIs, both as members as well as heads of Panchayats, has pushed them into the policy-making and policy-implementation process in a very big way. Whether their husbands, fathers, brothers or other relatives compelled them to take up these roles, or whether they assumed these roles as dummy incumbents, one thing is certain: they crossed the rigid boundaries drawn through their households by the same male relatives. omen are leading in ensuring that families function well and have necessities for development. Women are running the ? Caring Industry,? by managing the well being of the sick, the children and the elderly etc. Women are resolving conflict and finding solutions for issues in communities, whether it is getting clean water in a village or a streetlight fixed to prevent ch ildren and pedestrians from being knocked down by cars. Women throughout history have always been making priorities, budgets, and action plans. Women have as managers of families and communities to the management of our nations, our businesses, religious institutions and our world. This is about making the personal public and the private political. It is about tearing down the walls of dualism and discrimination. Negotiating to ensure that women are in positions at every level of public governance beginning from kindergarten through parliaments, businesses all the way to the United Nations require strong women-led politically-motivated civil societies to support their leaders and hold them accountable. Advocacy work ust show that both women and men must work together for common good. There has to be a critical mass of women in leadership so that they can be companions with each other and allow themselves to be what they want or be allowed to be themselves and not to prove themselves . The first sign of success is when the women pioneers in leadership have space and voice to be visible on their own terms and to practice their leadership in positions commensurate with their skills . Female leadership including the skills that mothers use to manage sibling fights there will be possibilities for new beginnings. We should have more women in politics. workshops are essential to train potential leaders as well as encourage the ones who are successful at the local governance level to enter the State Assemblies and National Parliament. More women should participate in political system to set an example for the entire world by efficiently working on issues that are close to their heart?. Top 10 women leaders in India: ? Pratibha Patil- Pratibha Devisingh Patil, the current President of India, is the first woman to hold the office. She was also the first woman Governor of Rajasthan (2004-2007). ? Vasundhara Raje Scindia- Vasundhara Raje, the daughter of Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia and Jivaji Rao Scindia of Gwalior, entered the politics in 1984. Besides being the first women Chief Minister of Rajasthan, she was the Minister of State for External Affairs. ? Uma Bharti- Uma Bharti held various state-level portfolios in India including Youth Affairs Sports, Human Resource Development, Tourism and Coal Mines. ? Sushma Swaraj- Sushma swaraj, a lawyer by profession, was elected as a member of Rajya Sabha in 1990. Later, she became the Minister of Information and Broadcasting and president of Hindu Sahitya Sammelan for Four years. ? Sonia Gandhi- Sonia Gandhi, the President of the Indian National Congress Party (NCP), was married to Rajeev Gandhi in 1969. Now a widow of former Prime Minister of India, Sonia was named the sixth most powerful woman in the world by Forbes magazine. ? Mehmooba Mufti- Mehmooba Mufti, the president of the Jammu and Kashmir people Democratic Party, is the daughter of the former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Mufti Mohmmad Sayeed. Brinda Karat- Brinda Karat was the first women member of the Communist Party of India. ? Mamta Banerjee- Mamata Banerjee is the founder and chief executive of the All India Trinamool Congress Party. Later, she was also made the Youth Affairs and Sport, Union Minister of State for Human Resources Development and Women and Child Development. ? Sheila Dixit- Sheila Dixit, belonging to the Indian National Congress, is the Chief Minister of Delhi since 1998. ? Mayawati Kumari- Mayawati Naina Kumari, the current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, is the highest income tax payer among all politicians in India. Besides these top 10 women leaders in India, Late Indira Gandhi has also been an epitome of leadership in India. References: Women and Leadership – Jean Lau Chin, Bernice Lott, Joy K. Rice http://www. emergingwomenleaders. org/ http://books. google. co. in/books? id=ZyhRWzTm_RwCpg=PR4lpg=PP1ots=IPACfy zBWQdq=women+leadership#v=onepageqf=false http://www. emergingwomenleaders. org/2009/11/women-leadership-and-personalityinsights-form-the-myers-briggs-type-indicator/ Team Members: V. Ashwini Reddy Mala Mankotia Manjusha. P Ramya Sree Rashmi Kumari G. Swetha Reddy R. Swathi Sree Usha Kiran How to cite Women Leadership, Essays

Short Story Im Going Home Essay Example For Students

Short Story Im Going Home Essay It was one of those days. Those days where the weather outside was sticky hot. Those days where as soon as you step outside, a coat of sweat quickly emerged on your face and trickled down your face. With a basketball in hand, a subtle smirk appeared on my face as I noticed my neighbor, Pat, was already outside playing basketball. He was always one step ahead of me, an inch taller than me, a year older than me, and a second faster than me. He was always, in my eyes, a rival, even if he never acknowledged it to me. Today was supposed to be like any other summer day: we were going to shoot around, drink from the water hose faucet, and end the evening with multiple games of one-on-one. It was supposed to be like any other summer day. I played Pat one-on-one on several occasions. Each game had its own personality, its own story. The first time I played Pat, I was about four or five years old. My family had just moved into the neighborhood and I was trying to get accustomed to meeting new people. At that point, I had never played an organized game of basketball before. I learned the game from Pat, his older brother Fred, and their dad after we moved to the neighborhood. Needless to say, Pat showed absolutely no mercy in providing me with my first taste of defeat. I didn’t take defeat too well, because I definitely remember taking my ball and telling Pat â€Å"I’m going home! † By no means was I a crybaby. That was something that I remember my dad telling me never to be. I just wanted to imitate everything related to basketball that I saw on television. At the time, I didn’t understand why I wasn’t able to imitate Michael Jordan’s signature fade-away shot. I believed I could do it, but why couldn’t I? The only other option I had was to practice. They taught â€Å"practice makes perfect† at my school and I took the concept to heart. I practiced and practiced and practiced but I just could not beat Pat in a game of one on one. It got to the point where it wasn’t even about basketball anymore. I was beginning to believe that Pat was better than me at all aspects of life. While I was stuck wearing the same gym shoes every time we played a game, Pat had all of these newest shoes. While I was stuck with my dad who could only buy me tapes from the 1970s about how to learn to play basketball, Pat’s dad was an expert at basketball (he had played in college) and was able to teach him the skills of the game. While I was stuck with an older sister who only gawked at basketball players, Pat had an older brother who dunked on basketball players. I was beginning to realize that Pat had some sort of God-given advantage over me. It was unfair. As I grew older and became more serious about basketball, my emotions began to take over. I was obviously getting better at the game because I practiced almost daily. My father noticed my efforts and pushed me to continue to get better. I wasn’t sure if I loved basketball itself or simply the competitive nature that came with it. Regardless, I allowed my father to push me. By the age of thirteen, my friendship with Pat was not nearly as strong as it was when we were younger. I’m not sure if our interests were totally different, because he no longer came to our door and asked if I could come outside to play basketball. On the contrary, I wasn’t doing the same for him either. However, something in me made me want to go outside when I saw him and one of his basketball teammates, Farrakhan, playing a game of one-on-one during the summer of my thirteenth birthday. I stepped outside into the summer’s heat, walking down the driveway with a blank but confident expression on my face. â€Å"Y’all playing a game? † I asked. â€Å"Aw shit, you tryna get in on this ass whooping too? † Pat said with a smirk on his face. I smiled and chuckled. â€Å"Hell nah, you ain’t gone beat me. Bust up for twenty-one. † The game â€Å"twenty-one† was kind of like a game of one-on-one with an extra person, thus making it one-on-one-on-one. Basically, it was a basketball game that was about â€Å"every man for himself† until someone scored twenty-one points. Since I was â€Å"the youngest†, they allowed me to shoot the ball first (â€Å"Busting up†). Pat rolled the basketball to me as I stood behind the chalk line that indicated the three-point line. I stared at the goal that no longer seemed as intimidating as it was when I was younger. I took a deep breath and jumped off my feet as my eyes focused on the net of the goal. Lifting the ball with my left hand, I flicked my wrist effortlessly as it released from my hand, resulting in a very high arcing shot. Trifles EssayBut I needed closure for this day. I felt nothing as I passed the ball the Pat. I wanted him to get the ball first just to test how tired I would be on defense. After receiving the ball, Pat squared his feet and took a shot from behind the chalk line was that drawn there every summer. Swish. I didn’t let the fact that he had scored the first points of the game discourage me. In fact, it heightened my sense of urgency to play harder, tougher. Soon, Pat received the ball again and took another shot. Brick. He missed the shot, which caused me to quickly sprint towards the ball. He ran to defend me, but I had realized that that meant he was going to be ill-prepared to shift his feet in time to stop me from penetrating toward the goal. I flew past him swiftly and laid the ball up, kissing it off the backboard as it swished inside the net. The game was tied. The game carried on for what seemed to be hours. The humidity of the summer air managed to drain our energy, but someone had to emerge from this battle victorious. I was 15 and he was 16, but at this point, I wasn’t worried about age. I wasn’t worried about height. I wasn’t worried about speed. I wasn’t even worried about winning the game. I had possession of the ball after Pat missed an attempt at a layup on the goal. I took the ball behind the chalk line and gathered myself. I was too tired at this point to try and attack the basket. I was met with Pat’s defense as I stood there, dribbling the ball slowly. I noticed the air space between us that allowed me the freedom of taking an open shot if I wanted to. It was a dangerous chance for me to take, but at this point, losing by one point, I was desperate for anything. He seemed to dare me to take the shot as he backed away from me. I believed that he thought that if I missed the shot, it would provide him the opportunity to rebound the ball and score easily before I could even recover defensively. I took this thought as a chance to prove Pat and myself wrong by lifting off my feet, flicking my wrist, and releasing a high arcing shot. Swish. Confidence filled my veins as I had tied the game, but I didn’t let that confidence show in my facial expression. The game was tied, but there was still a chance that I could lose the game. Pat threw the ball my way, harder than usual, and I caught the ball. It was then I knew that he was trying to rile up my emotions in an attempt to throw me off my game. It worked. I thought back to our game of twenty-one where he blocked my shot and I fell into the grass. I remembered the feeling of defeat after I fought with him, which ended with me going home with scrapes and bruises. I wasn’t going to allow that to happen again. I attacked the basket quickly, but my force was met by Pat as he blocked my opportunity to lay the ball. My back naturally turned to block him in an attempt to protect the ball. He was not going to feel the pleasure of taking this game from me. I thought back to the numerous occasions where Michael Jordan used his signature fade-away shot over defenders and how he made it look so effortless. By this point in my life, I had practiced this move countless times trying to perfect it. I had practiced hitting the shot on numerous occasions and I believed that I could hit the shot. After a few dribbles with my back facing Pat, I immediately pivoted my right foot, jumping off of it. Pat jumped to block my shot, but was unable to do so since I had faded so far back. I released the shot with a quick flick of my wrist as the ball sailed into the air. I stepped back in admiration of the shot as I watched the ball spiral upward toward the goal before finally descending downward. Swish. â€Å"OHHHH! † I screamed as I took off running towards my home with a finger pointed in the air. I didn’t look back to see Pat’s reaction of finally losing in a game to me, but I didn’t care. All that I knew was that I had won the game and I was going home.

Chasing Amy Essays - English-language Films, Miramax Films

Chasing Amy Framing is a vital part of the film making process. It sets the mood, brings attention to sutleties, and can show us the real intentions of a character. For example, would the scene with the famous shot from between the legs of Mrs. Robinson in the movie The Graduate be as memorable if it instead showed a close up of Dustin Hoffman as he entered the room? Or the final shoot out in The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly. Would there be more impact with an American shot of Clint Eastwood? The answer is obvious, of course not. The Kevin Smith masterpiece, Chasing Amy, follows those memorable scene's by showing the evolution of the two main characters, Holden (Ben Affleck) and Alyssa (Joey Lauren Adams), relationship from friends to lovers with framing and other cinematographic methods. Cinematography- The art or technique of movie photography, including both the shooting and the development of a film, (American Heritage, 159) but you probably have not even noticed it. Cinematography has existed for as long as film has, but it has not really been considered an art for until the late 1930's, early 1940's. It can be used in many different forms, artistic expression, political belief's, or even used to satire pop culture. Chasing Amy follows this pattern of cinematography with showing the relationships of Holden and Alyssa change into a budding romance. Chasing Amy is a romantic comedy about people who write comic books for a living whose most passionate conversations can involve the sex lives of Archie and Jughead, (Ebert, 138) and is the third installment of Smith's New Jersey Trilogy. The New Jersey Trilogy consists of two other films as well. The critically acclaimed Clerks and the not so critically acclaimed, Mallrats. Clerks had been over-praised, Mallrats has been over-bashed, third time's the charm, (View Askew.com) Smith said on his website. The movie stars Ben Affleck as Holden McNeel, an aspiring comic book artist who falls in love with another comic book artist, Alyssa Jones (Joey Lauren Adams). As the movie goes on, you find out that Alyssa is a lesbian and all the encounters she had with men which led her to make that decision. But in one key moment when Holden admits his feelings to Alyssa, the whole pace of the movie changes. Alyssa decides to take a chance and decides that Holden is the one for her as she throws her whole world upside down to be with him. But in the end, her radical and experimental life style is too much for Holden as he finds out a little to much of her past for his liking and throws it all away. But finding out the hard way of the error of his ways he finds out that it is too late and learns the lesson it's not who you love, but how. (View Askew.com) Holden's inability to deal with aspects of Alyssa's sexual history mirrors Smith's own problems dealing with aspects of (his girlfriend's) past (Gin, 543) makes this a very personal film for Smith, and he shows it in the way he films this movie. The first encounter that Holden and Alyssa have alone together is in a bar. It is the same day that they met and they are still trying to get to know each other. So Alyssa brings up the idea to play darts and Holden politely accepts the offer. While they are playing darts, they get to know each other better by discussing their current projects, Holden is a successful comic book creator and artist with his comic book Bluntman and Chronic, while Alyssa is not as successful in her own right with her project titled Idiosyncratic Routine. As the scene goes on you can see that both of them have a mutual understanding, and according to Holden, both of them have shared a moment. The way that Kevin Smith went about showing this vital scene is by having a point of view shot from the dartboard. This shot showed both Holden and Alyssa standing next to each other. Also since the dartboard is a stationary object, you don't have any movement in the scenes the framing is primarily focused on them so not to distract from the viewer to focus from the pair. Also the use of deep focus comes in handy. For example, when one of them ran out of darts to throw they would walk up to retrieve them, while they were doing this the camera would use deep focus to show the other in the background, sutilly checking the other one out. Also if you notice, the sides that they stand on in the scene reflect their stance on life. Holden, the more conservative of the

College Argumentative Research Paper Topic Ideas Essays

College Argumentative Research Paper Topic Ideas Essays College Argumentative Research Paper Topic Ideas Essay College Argumentative Research Paper Topic Ideas Essay Essay Topic: Argumentative College students when assigned with research papers often face quite a lot of difficulties in choosing the best and interesting argumentative research paper topics. An ideal argumentative topic is one that piques you and compels you to do more research on it. Basically, such kinds of topics are those where you take side and argument over it with the support of unyielding facts and figures. However, it is not necessary that every argumentative paper needs to establish relevant facts. Instead there are some argumentative papers which are only used with the pure intention of arguing with the examiner over a particular subject matter. The important point that greatly helps in writing a best argumentative paper is that you need to perform an in-depth and serious research on the topic you selected for your academic paper. The reason is that such kinds of papers generally contain the writer’s personal point of view which is based on a serious research and supported by rigid data or evidence. Augmentative research paper topics are persuasive in nature and such papers are not only informative but also express the thoughtful perspective of the writer on a particular topic. The following important elements are seriously needed to put together a reflective and informative argumentative paper: Passion for the subject Persuasive reasoning or arguments Solid evidence or facts that give logical Listed below are some of the interesting categories that can offer you many unique and intriguing argumentative research paper topics. Politics: This is another interesting category but it should only be selected if you have interest in politics. This research paper topic may include foreign policies, IMF, international affairs, recent bills passed by the President, etc. Social Topics: Social topics include a very wide variety for instance, legal rights, and rights of sex offenders, teen pregnancy, social discrimination, racism and illegal immigration. These are only a few relevant example ideas for your social argumentative research paper. Environment: Environmental studies are the fastest growing field these days. Majority of pupils these days are pursuing this field not only because it is interesting but also very informative. The most common topic that is being discussed these days is global warming and its effects on us. Technology: Technology has changed our daily life, both professional and home life. It is a very common yet the most popular category that you may choose for your research paper. This category include is unethical hacking, animal cloning, etc.

BHM 443 -Legal Aspects of Health Care (Module 4-SLP) Essay

BHM 443 -Legal Aspects of Health Care (Module 4-SLP) - Essay Example The case was rather simple and the death of the victim could have been prevented. In fact, the cause of his death resulted from Clostridum difficile infection ( complication of antibiotic therapy ). The patient had dental abscess in which the doctor prescribed antibiotic therapy. Due to the aforementioned infection, the patient experienced severe diarrhea for five days that led to dehydration and shock. Unfortunately, the doctor did not even suspect that the cause could have been the antibiotics administered to the patient that led to C. dif infection. Later, the patient was transferred to Eden Medical Center since he was already in shock and undergoing respiratory distress on November 24, 2005. He died the following day and the coroner’s report showed that his death was the result of â€Å"cardiovascular collapse due to clostridium difficile infection.† What is unfortunate here is the fact that the patient’s death was not related to his mental illness nor its symptoms. Moreover, other medications such as Flagyl could have prevented the diarrhea if only the physician checked the charts well and studied the prolonged cause of diarrhea. â€Å"a cause of action for the death of a child who leaves no surviving spouse, issue, or issue of deceased children, caused by the wrongful act or neglect of another, may be asserted by decedents parents.†( CCP Section 377.60(a), Probate Code Section 6402, Nelson v County of Los Angeles (2003) 113 Cal.App.4th 783). The case was a clear manifestation of neglect from the doctor’s side since she did not even consider the idea that Clostridum difficile could have caused the diarrhea considering that the doctor was even a medical internist. The facility was also sued ( vicarious liability ) since the staff did not even inform the doctor that the patient’s condition worsened as he began soiling his

Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Juvenile Justice - Essay Example Provision of intensive services directly occupying a large part of the juvenile’s time further reduces the ability of the individual juvenile to re-offend. Matching offender’s personality and learning styles with the program that will most effectively address their delinquent behaviors. Including relapse prevention is essential to the reduction of offense by juvenile offenders. This includes practicing alternative responses and the use of risk reward styled approaches, additionally by teaching the family unit how to avoid certain behaviors and rewarding positive behavior the further reduction of offense is realized. Integration of community based services allows the individual juvenile offenders to both positively affect their local community as well as instilling a sense of need within the juveniles. Lastly, reinforcing integrity of the services provided helps to ensure that each program in use is effective and is approaching the situation properly. Evaluation of each program for functionality is essential for the continued effectiveness of each program. I firmly believe that these are attainable principles and that the use of each approach is important.

Summary and Analysis No Name Woman by Maxine Hong Kingston, Both Ain't Essay

Summary and Analysis No Name Woman by Maxine Hong Kingston, Both Ain't I A Woman by Sojourner Truth and No Name Woman - Essay Example But I do know what it is like to be excluded from the sisterhood and I do know what it's like to know that the plans around my birth were very different from the reality. She delivered her speech at the Woman's Convention in Akron. Women were beginning to respond to the mistreatments of chivalry and the way that they were infantilized by the dominant rhetoric, but Truth pointed out that both white men and white women assumed things that excluded systematically a black perspective. Truth had never known chivalry from men, at least white men: She had known the lash and starvation. She had never known being a domesticated baby factory: Instead, she was a career woman because she was a slave and she was not a mother of a troupe of children not because she didn't have those children but because they were sold into slavery. One could point out, bitterly, that even a black male slave would prefer to live like a white woman. The truth was making an appeal for the sisterhood, the emerging fem inist movement, to represent all women, and to bear in mind that what women need varies from group to group. I have known many a time where I felt excluded from a sisterhood that portrayed them as the archetype of femininity. Whether cheerleaders or well-meaning young feminists, I've seen people repeatedly act as if they were advancing â€Å"just us girls† when they were, in fact, trampling over me. She feels possessed by a ghost, the ghost of her aunt, who feels that Kingston should take her place. It wasn't the raid by the villagers.

Business Culture in India and China

Business Culture in India and China Introduction: With much of the world watching the emerging economic power of china, there are two things often overlooked. The first is that India is undergoing an equally dramatic economic evolution. The second is that this growth will have big implications for the meetings and exhibitions sectors that we all operate in (Buckeley, 2006). Undoubtedly, both India and china will emerge as economic power by 2050 (approx) but they are very different from each other in many aspects. It has also been seen that strengths of India often becomes weaknesses of china strengths of china often becomes weaknesses of India. For e.g. India is knows as service industry and china is known as manufacturing industry (Buckeley, 2006). By 2030, Indias population overtake population of china. As Chinas population will see a drop by 2030 because of gender imbalance that is caused by one child policy (Buckeley, 2006). Also favoured by male preference syndrome. This in-turn will cause many problems, which will have impact on population distribution. China has got developed in the past 5-7 years because of infra structure funding from its central government. As per the survey done by ICCA 120 world-class convention centres are expected to be in operational by 2040 (Buckeley, 2006). Besides this, Beijing Olympics (2008) and world expo (2010 sha nghai) will prove as a legend in the development of China. On the other hand, India has constructed many conference and exhibition centres in the major cities of India that are New Delhi, Kerala, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore and Hyderabad. But both of these countries are very different from each other in terms of airports, highways, railways and other public amenities in which china is far ahead of India (Buckeley, 2006). Indian culture is distinct in its own way which further has an impact on business culture followed in India. Dealing the Indian business counter-parts in their way is highly appreciable. Some examples on how to deal with Indian business counter-parts are Namaste is used to meet greet each other (it is done by bowing the chin and placing the folded hands underneath of chin). Instead of this, these days educated people in India prefer to shake hands to greet each other (Trade Chakra, 2008). Adequate knowledge of Indian business etiquettes is significant to carry out a business successfully in India. Indian hospitality is famous in the world therefore; business travelers can feast the Indian hospitality. It is not baffling if appointments are cancelled, re-scheduled or postpone. Patience is the key to success in India. Indians are quite proficient in English language. Organization structure follows from top to bottom in which decision-making is generally done at top level (Trade Chakr a, 2008). Chinese culture is distinct in its own way which further has an impact on business culture followed in China. Chinese greeting is special in its own way. Thus, it forms an important part in making a first impression. As said, first impression is last impression. In china people are greeted according to their position or status, which means person at top level, is greeted then its followed to middle and then to bottom level (Ingram, 2009). Trend of exchanging business cards is in bulky. Exchanging gifts is yet another important aspect of doing business in China. People are formally dressed in China during business meetings, conferences. Formal behavior at professional level is appreciated. Punctuality at meetings, appointments are pretty essential (Ingram, 2009). As per World Business Culture (2010) India in Figures: Land Area: 3, 287,263 sq km Population: 1,081m Population density: 329 sq km Life expectancy: Men 63 yrs Women 67 yrs Adult literacy: 61% Average per household: 5.3 Divorces per 1,000: Unknown The Economy: Currency: Indian Rupee GDP: US$ 691bn GDP per heads: US$ 640 Employment (% of total): Agriculture 60% Industry 17% Services 23% Unemployed 4% Main Exports: Type: Engineering goods Jewellery gems Textiles Chemicals Agricultural goods Destinations: (% total) USA 20% China 8% UK 5% United Arab Emirates 8% Main Imports: Type: Petroleum product Capital goods Gold and silver Electronic goods Gems Main countries of origin: USA 7% Belgium 6% China 6% Singapore 5% As per World Business Culture (2010) China in Figures: Land Area: 9, 560,900 Population: 1,313m Population density: 136 sq km Life expectancy: Men 71 yrs Women 75 yrs Adult literacy: 91% Average per household: 3.5 Divorces per 1,000: 0.8 The Economy: Currency: Yuan GDP: US$1,932bn GDP per heads: US$1,470 Employment (% of total): Agriculture 50% Industry 22% Services 29% Unemployed 4% Main Exports: Type: Office equipment Clothing Telecoms equipment Electrical machinery Footwear Destinations: (% total) USA 21% Hong Kong 17% Japan 12% South Korea 5% Germany 4% Main Imports: Type: Electrical machinery Petroleum products Professional scientific instruments Office equipment other machinery Main countries of origin: Japan 17% Taiwan 12% South Korea 11% USA 8% Germany 6% Background to business in India and China: In terms of area India is far bigger than Europe with a population of more than 100 billion. India is 7th largest country in the world. It is divided into 29 states and 6 union territories. With this kind of structure India forms a big market for foreigners to invest in Indian market and to mint profit out of it (World Business Culture, 2010). Apparently because of large population, disposable income in India is huge. Therefore, which in turns increases the spending power of people. Also, India enjoys favourable geographical location in the world, which proves to be boon for industries in various aspects (World Business Culture, 2010). Nevertheless, existence of caste system structures hierarchy in India business where boss is the supreme power and is actually a BOSS whereas when 21st century started, the peoples Republic of China found that social, economic, and cultural transition is on swing (World Business Culture, 2010). The old certainties, which had an autocratic type of rule during the rule of Mao Zedong, substituted by Deng Xiaoping who had more liberal policies. But, those policies were unclear. As per world business culture (2010) The pursuit of profit is no longer counter-revolutionary and business people have long since ceased being viewed as enemies of the people. Yet the Communist Party is still in power and shows little appetite for any of the political reform so much clamored for by the West. (World business culture, 2010). Business Culture in India and China: Relationship building is very important factor in India esp. at professional level. In India trend of giving ideal deals to known person is followed. Therefore, more you maintain the cordial and friendly relations more it is useful (Business maps of India, 2010), where as Chinese follow very formal relationships in business. It is not that they are not humorous but might because of language problem; humor at times can become rude. Also, while doing business there, you should always establish a contact with a person who can act as an intermediator. This will help in solving problem of language, bureaucracy and legal system networks (Kwintessential, 2010). In India meeting are to be re-scheduled well in advance and are supposed to be fixed either in writing or on phone. Once you are in meeting room, the initial conversation starts with some favourite topics like cricket, business news or some latest happenings. In the terms punctuality Indians lag behind. They would expect punctuality but they themselves wont be punctual. Delay in scheduled time by 1 hour or 2 hour is normal (Business maps of India, 2010), on the contrary in China, in the terms of scheduling a meeting, it is advisable to schedule a meeting prior in advance. Also, it is required to provide with some prior literature to introduce the company. Well, punctuality is utmost important factor. Once meeting is started then the initial talks should be based upon your experiences in china so far. Always send an agenda of meeting prior to meeting, as itll help in controlling the flow of meeting (Kwintessential, 2010). Process of decision-making is pretty slow in India esp. if some business deal has to be finalised on the basis of some prior negotiation or meetings or some discussions. Top-level management does the decision-making. You can expect the favourable decision by building the friendly relations with person concerned (Business maps of India, 2010). But, the process of business in China flows in hierarchy. Chinese are consensus players in terms of business. They lay cultural emphasis on group orientation along-with individual desires and needs. People are generally inclined towards family despite they belong to various other groups (World Business Culture, 2010). The decision-making process is quite slow in India. Indians dont solely rely on presentations, good work or statistical data. They also depend upon with beliefs, customs or inner conscious. Usually the major decisions are taken by top level and day to day life decision are taken by middle or low level management (Business maps of India, 2010). On the contrary process of decision-making is slow in china. You have to be patient and should never show expression as itll have negative impact on Chinese business counter-parts. It is said that you should show your best poker face before negotiating with them. In case you show your weakness, there are strong possibilities that theyll exploit you. Decisions are not taken in urgency because simultaneous negotiations are going on with other competitors (Kwintessential, 2010). During any part of negotiation if the Indian business counter-parts comes to conclusion like well see, well try or something like that, then it surely indicates no. As Indians dont directly say NO. They tend to make various excuses (Business maps of India, 2010), whereas Chinese are famous for their negotiations skills. They mainly lay stress on concessions. While making the strategy for doing business in china, it should be always be kept in mind that you are able enough to show little compromise and ensure that Chinese negotiators have gained some concessions. The famous strategy of Chinese is to show themselves as weak and vulnerable so that they can expect some huge concessions (Kwintessential, 2010). The custom of gift giving is a vital part in Indian business. Thought it is likely in a way that the instead of person receiving gift say thanks, it is the person who gives gift say thanks. Though it sounds absurd, but it is like that. You should always be cautious while gifting something like never gift beef to Hindu, alcohol to Muslims or tobacco products to Sikhs (World Business Culture, 2010). In the comparison with china the custom of gift giving is in vogue in china. Gifts are exchanged for celebrations. Gifts act as a sweet favor to Chinese business counter-parts. However, Chinese wont mind if you ask them what kind of gift they want. But, you should always keep in mind that same gifts are to be presented to the people of same level of hierarchy in an organization. Top-level people are supposed to given the gifts in the first instance (Kwintessential, 2010). The major problem in china is of language. In china large number of people speaks Mandarin as well as it is an official dialect. English language level is poor in china. No doubt, English speakers are there in china but there ratio is very less also there command over language is not very good. Therefore, communicating in china is troublesome which can cause misunderstandings and mistranslation. Thus, it is always advisable to hire a translator for doing business in china successfully (World Business Culture, 2010), whereas in India the situation is not as bad as of china. In India large number of average people have good command over English language. English has become 2nd language in India after native language of India i.e. Hindi. All the official correspondence is made in English. Therefore, in India you can do business without a translator. Well in India, business attire is generally formal wear. Men prefer shirt and a pant in summers and blazer or suit in winter while women wear saris or suits (Business maps of India, 2010), whereas Chinese prefers conservative formal business suits during formal meeting or conferences. Both men and women prefer them. During informal gatherings or during summer season they prefer wearing short sleeves shirts or t-shirts and jeans (Ingram, 2009). China as manufacturing industry: China has emerged itself as manufacturing excellence country. Thus, has become one of the largest exporters of the world. Gross Domestic Product of China has increased at tremendous pace and has become worlds 2nd largest economy based on purchasing power parity. This is all because of its manufacturing excellence. In the past exports of china has increased by 15% per year. As per Rowan (2003) China now makes 50% of worlds telephones, 17% of refrigerators, 41% of video monitors, 23% of washing machines, 30% of ACs and 30 % of colour televisions (Rowan 2003). Key sectors of manufacturing in china are electronics and automotive components. Electronic Industry of china is famous all across the globe. China is the largest exporter of electronics in the world. China produces all types of electronic goods starting from household home appliances to semi-conductors. The various favorable factors have combined together and have led china onto the path of opulence. Preferential government poli cy i.e. china trade and industrial policy has added a comparative advantage to china. In most of countries government policies often has an adverse effect on business. But, in china it has proved beneficial. China government has taken several steps in industrialization of targeted industry by advancing them preferential loans, public research, trade promotion, sector specific financial incentives, selective government procurement and control on foreign participation (Linden, 2003). Also, chinas open door policy has attracted foreign direct investment, which has proved a boon. It has helped in building factories, creating jobs, linking china to international markets etc. local supplier network of china is also developing because foreign companies are investing time and money. China has laid its sole stress on building up superior infrastructure required for growth of manufacturing sector. It has strengthened its road and rail network to enhance transport facilities, which are require d in transportation of goods. China has built 25000 kms of expressways. Also, has taken steps to reduce congestion on railway lines. China has also taken steps to ensure constant supply of electricity which is yet another important factor of production. Cheap labour in china has played a major role in development of manufacturing sector. Thus, has attracted many international companies to re-locate their manufacturing units in china. India as service industry: Service sector in India has sown a tremendous growth especially in last decade. Service sector in India means information technology sector. Information technology sector is further stretched onto four sectors Information technology services, Information technology Information technology enabled services, software and e-business. These sectors combine for 2008 annual revenue forecast of $87B, (Embassy of India, 2010), with numerous analysts suggesting higher revenue. Highlighting the rapid growth of IT in India, software was a small $150MM industry in 1991, but grew to $5.7B in 2000, an annual growth rate of 50%. (Embassy of India, 2010). The way public and private sectors have contributed towards the growth of information technology sector in India is like an example for other developing countries. Many factors have helped India to lead success in service industry. Government played a passive role in growth of service industry. Neither government helped nor it interfered in growth of service industry. Like other industries in India, information technology industries had the same procedure for starting it (Farrell, 2004). Initially government did not expect this kind of growth in this sector. Later on even after when government realised the growth and government introduce the concept of SEZs to encourage IT industries, then also they were not able to attract foreign investors. Thus it can be said that IT sector in India grew despite of any effort by the government. Existence of large numbers of English language speakers has also showed a path of success. Also, it helped in making India a main destination for customer services like call centres and billing tasks. Thus, it can be said that Indias IT industry grew to business process offshoring i.e. BPO. Post independence, economy was not favorable to entrepreneurs. As the economy grew, number of entrepreneurs also increased at a tremendous pace because it was easy to set-up a technical service company as compare d to other manufacturing units. Therefore, it gave a birth to IT industry in India. Many hi-tech areas were developed in cities like Bangalore, Hyderabad that in turn boosted the service industry in India. Conclusion: Inspite of so many cultural differences between both the countries and differences in various other aspects in the terms of land area, population, population density, literacy, GDP growth, employment, imports and exports both the countries are showing significant progress. Both, India and China are showing progress in different fields. China is further taking steps to grow their manufacturing sector. At the same time they are lacking in the growth of service sector. Similarly, India is also taking steps to enhance their service sector but not able to enhance the manufacturing sector. In order to enhance manufacturing sector India has to strengthen their infrastructure, development of human resources. Also, has to take necessary steps to attract FDI by providing them subsidies, easy financial services, development of infrastructure, easy FDI regulations etc. Likewise, China has to strengthen their service sector to support manufacturing sector. Till now, the softwares that are being p roduced in china are catering the need of domestic consumers. Therefore, China has to lay emphasis on export-oriented growth of service sector. Until now, china has targeted to grow service sector by various science parks. But, Prospective growth in service sector would be possible by encouraging entrepreneur and less government interference. Therefore, we can say that both the countries are taking crucial ladder towards the escalation to reach pinnacles.

Why was Italy not unified after the Congress of Vienna (1815)? :: essays research papers

Before the Congress of Vienna the French occupation had far reaching affects on Italy. The power of the Church and the Pope was reduced, changes were made in landownership and land was redistributed. A new middle class began to appear. Agriculture was improved and the peasants were freed from their old feudal ties and obligations. Then when Napoleon was defeated and the restoration of the old regime and monarchs was started, Italy again became a country divided into eleven independent states, excluding the tiny principalities and the Republic of San Marino. So Italy was not unified after the Congress of Vienna due to a number of reasons, such as the foreign influence of the Central European Powers, parochialism within the states, the lack of a common language and a strong economy coupled with the poor geography that separated Italy from itself and the rest of Europe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the major factors that contributed to Italy not being unified after the congress of Vienna was the impact of foreign influence. Before the restoration of the old regime in Italy state boundaries were rearranged a number of times, ending up with a division of the peninsula into only three parts instead of eleven states. One third, including Piedmont, was annexed to France, one third became the Kingdom of Italy, and Napoleon’s brother, Joseph, as the Kingdom of Naples, ruled the remainder. Yet at the restoration of the old regime in Italy after the Congress of Vienna, the Pope was among those who regained their positions. During the Napoleonic occupation successive Popes had been taken into exile in France, and the temporal power of the Pope as ruler of an Italian state had been declared at an end. But when the Pope returned he was intent on restoring temporal, as well as spiritual, control. The Papal States were divided into seventeen provinces, five of which were under the authority of Papal Legates, or Cardinals, who acted as provincial governors. The remainder, which were nearer Rome, were controlled by priests known as Delegates. The whole administration of the Papal States was in the hands of the clergy. The lay people had no part in government, apart from a few lay members of advisory bodies called ‘congregations’. Politically, Italy was fragmented. Further, half the states were governed by kings or dukes who already occupied or hoped soon to inherit the thrones of the non-Italian countries.

Admissions letter for Forensic Nursing Program masters level

Interest and influence are two main reason why I want to pursue a Forensic course. Influenced by people who are dear to me serves as my motivation in order to succeed in this field of Nursing. Personal experiences gave me learnings and responsibilities that molded me to be what I am now.My endeavors in life that I wished to happen at the right time comes with great purpose. This is for me to finish my masters degree in a Forensic Nursing program offered by Duquesne University Pittsburgh,   PA. I can say that my previous experiences in life has great impact once I mixed it with a Masteral Degree.My optimism helps me accept problems as challenges that are vital for me as an individual. I can say that I am a good student and willing to risk myself in every task assigned by my mentors. I have so many dreams and aspirations in life and I am looking forward to a brighter career in the field of Forensic Nursing.Looking back, I see my personal and academic experiences as stages of growth t hat have helped me to understand my own potential and the road that I wish to take in life. While vast opportunities are before me, I feel that my true calling lies in the fascinating and challenging world of Forensic Science and Nursing.I wish to study more about this field because I believe that choosing to undergo a program for my masters at Duquesne University aid me   to make my dream a reality and become a successful forensic scientist someday.In addition to these, I was able to convey passion for this field since my childhood. That I have been interested in forensics since I was a child. I would often watch forensic files and unsolved mysteries. As well as the HBO series with the coroner Dr. Michael Boden and how unsolved crimes were solved by means of forensic examination and investigation. I am currently a single mother of three beautiful children.They serve as my inspirations in life and my motivation to surpass all trials. I have worked as a full-time nurse and I was al so inducted into the gamma beta phi honor society back in 2002, the sigma theta tha honor nursing society back in 2005 and the alpha sigma labda honor society back in 2005. Being an exemplary student I won the freshman of the year award in 2002 and became the Recipient of

Class Lecture essays

Class Lecture essays What were the differences between the environments faced by the Romans when the characteristics social and political institutions of their state were forming and those of the Greek world when the polis was taking form? How did the Romans react differently to the conditions they faced? What social institutions formed in Rome as a result, and how did these help Rome to create a large and stable empire? Romans created a civilization that has shaped subsequent world history for 2,000 years. The remains of vast building projects, including roads and bridges, enormous baths and aqueducts, temples and theaters, as well as entire towns in the North African desert, still mark Rome's former dominion. Cities throughout Western Europe stand on Roman foundations. Rome grew from a tiny settlement to an emerging empire while developing from monarchy to a republican form of government. The land and environment of Italy provided the Romans with a secure home from which to expand. Roman republic started with their conflict against the Latins, who tried to break away from Rome and fought a war. At that time Romans feared the Samnites, another group of people and they stopped fighting with the Latins and offered them to join in. In doing so Romans came up with the idea of latin citizenship, and then gradually as the Romans expanded their territory to the whole of Italy after some internal conflicts everyone in Italy was granted Roman citizenship, slowly as the Romans defeated other lands in the Mediterranean basin, they never tried to impose their rule on captured lands but made them states, which were allowed to rule under the Roman umbrella by paying taxes and provide services to the Roman Army accepting the Roman superiority. And as time passed by at one point in history everyone under the Roman Empire got Roman citizenship. The Roman aristocrats provided the leadership for the establishment of the Roman Republic, and they continued to dominate ...

Medicinal Marijuana †Chemistry Essay

Medicinal Marijuana – Chemistry Essay Free Online Research Papers In the earliest times of America, even before Christopher Columbus sailed looking for new lands, marijuana was being used in Native American cultures for many purposes. Even now it is being used for maybe more reasons than way back when, but also as in medicinal treatments. The only difference between now and then, marijuana is used more often than none for recreational purposes. Illegal drugs have been used in experiments the world over to try to find some kind of use, if any, for treatments for pain. Morphine, which is still used today, as with any other of the controlled substances used, has its ups and downs. It is a very effective pain reliever, but in the same, morphine is highly addictive or habit forming. Other side effects are all more on the downside than positive and yet it is still being used because of its effectiveness to relieve pain quickly. This is the same problem that occurs with most other illegal drugs that are used as medical treatments. The problem with using these highly â€Å"may become dependable† drugs is that, well, they have a tendency to become habit forming. Marijuana is no exception to this fact either. In fact, many people see marijuana as what is called a gateway drug. A gateway is something like a door, once opened you can either go one of two ways. Go in or stay out. The Proverbial door that everyone is referring to is the thought process of â€Å"wow, that feels pretty good, I wonder what these other drugs will feel like to me?† Then you’ll start trying other drugs and get carried away, and if you can’t get help or get off the drugs, your life is pretty much over. Even when these drugs are controlled people will find other way to get their fix. On the other hand, while these controlled substances are used for just pain, marijuana is used for other treatment purposes as well as pain. Written references to the use marijuana as a medicine date back for nearly 5,000 years. Western medicine embraced marijuanas medical properties in the mid-1800s, and by the beginning of the 20th century, physicians had published more than 100 papers in the Western medical literature recommending its use for a variety of disorders. Marijuana, also referred to as cannabis, remained in the United States pharmacopoeia until 1941, removed only after Congress passed the Marijuana Tax Act, which severely hampered physicians from prescribing it. The American Medical Association (AMA) was one of the most vocal organizations to testify against the ban, arguing that it would deprive patients of a past, present and future medicine. Modern research suggests that marijuana is a valuable aid in the treatment of a wide range of clinical applications. These include: pain relief, particularly of neuropathic pain (pain from nerve damage), nausea, spasticity, glaucoma, and movement disorders. Marijuana is also a powerful appetite stimulant, specifically for patients suffering from HIV, the AIDS wasting syndrome, or dementia. Emerging suggests that marijuanas medicinal properties may protect the body against some types of malignant tumors and are neuroprotective. Currently, more than 60 U.S. and international health organizations including the American Public Health Association, and the Federation of American Scientists support granting patients immediate legal access to medicinal marijuana under a physicians supervision. Several others, including the American Cancer Society and the American Medical Association support the facilitation of wide-scale, clinical research trials so that physicians may better assess marijuana’s medical potential. In addition, it was found that 44 percent of oncologists had previously advised marijuana therapy to their patients. Fifty percent responded they would do so if marijuana would be legalized. A more recent national survey performed by researchers at Providence Rhode Island Hospital found that nearly half of physicians with opinions supported legalizing medical marijuana. Because of such a high demand of patients needing this type of treatment is getting more and more use since it has a high success rate. The only way that it is possible to be able to use and prescribe marijuana is with certain rules and regulations. For one, a qualifying patient must have a registry identification certificate from the Department of Public Safety that identifies a patient authorized to engage in the medical use of marijuana, the patients physician, the patients designated primary caregiver, if any, and the location of the authorized marijuana plants. This doesn’t mean that you can go and buy it off of the streets, you are given a couple of plants and tols how to raise them. The patient then has to harvest their own marijuana for their treatment. Secondly, a qualifying patient and a primary caregiver may not jointly possess more than the adequate supply. If a qualifying patient and a primary caregiver possess, deliver, or produce marijuana in excess of the amounts allowed, they are subject to the criminal laws of the Federal and/or State governments. So not only is the patient given a certain amount of marijuana, they are responsible for making sure that they don’t â€Å"sell† or deliver, possess, or produce more than the prescribed amount alloted. Also, Not every state in the U.S. have or allow the use of marijuana for treatments, but there are a select few that do have the use of it. Although, the use of marijuana, even not for medical use, is legal in other countries like Amsterdam and Canada, there are still rule and regulations for the possession and usage of marijuana. There are also certain laws that govern the use of marijuana in these other countries. As with any kind of treatment or theories, there are myths that people either choose to believe or disregard. For instance, there is a myth that Marijuana’s potential health benefits are insignificant to the damages caused by smoking the drug. When in all actuality, Marijuana can be used by more ways than just smoking it. As far as marijuana being a gateway drug and leading to harder drugs, believe it or not, is also a myth. In science, the distinction between cause and correlation is a crucial one. A White House-commissioned study by the Institute of Medicine found that marijuana does not appear to be a gateway drug to the extent that it is the cause or even that it is the most significant cause of serious drug abuse; that is, care must be taken not to attribute cause to association. Moreover, claims about marijuana being a gateway makes no sense in the context of medical marijuana. Patients often use marijuana instead of highly addictive prescription medicines like mo rphine and Oxycontin. Medical marijuana is a safe alternative for patients whose other options are not as reliable or effective. Further more, marijuana has the least amount of side effects of any other medicinal narcotic. Someone once said that, â€Å"God made pot, man made beer. Who do you trust?†. On a personal level the only reason that marijuana has not been legalized is because the government can’t tax the way that they can tax everything else. Tobacco is also grown almost the same as marijuana, but who do you know that tries to grow and make their own cigarettes? If marijuana was legalized, everyone would be growing and making their own type or amount of â€Å"pot† that they wanted! Not only that but people would just be getting high all the time. Not to say that they are not now, but there would be many more added to the already climbing numbers. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) either accepts or rejects a drug for medical use after receiving an application for a drug’s approval as a prescription medicine, being accompanied by supporting data provided by the company seeking to market that drug. Why haven’t medical marijuana supporters tried to take marijuana through the FDA’s approval process? A group of researchers at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst is actively seeking to do this, but the Drug Enforcement Administration is blocking their efforts. The researchers are trying to create a facility to grow specific marijuana strains under controlled, reproducible conditions to test marijuana’s efficacy for various indications. Such research is essential for FDA approval, but the DEA has refused to approve such a facility. Until this changes, the door to the FDA is blocked. Has any notable medical marijuana research occurred since the FDA statement? Yes. Among others, a University of California study found that marijuana effectively relieves peripheral neuropathy, a type of debilitating nerve pain that afflicts many patients with HIV/AIDS, with few side effects. And an observational study found that patients being treated for the deadly hepatitis C virus (HCV) were much more likely to be cured of the lethal virus if they used marijuana, apparently because marijuana relieves the side effects of harsh, anti-HCV drugs, allowing more patients to complete treatment. So with all of the information that I has been able to come up with for your inquiring minds to only wonder about, you can make up you own minds as to wether or not marijuana should be used to help the people that could really use the help. Without having the side effects of other narcotics. References T. Mikuriya. (Ed.) 1973. Marijuana: Medical Papers 1839-1972. Oakland: Medi-Comp Press. Joy et al. 1999. Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. I. Galve-Roperph et al. 2000. Antitumoral action of cannabinoids: involvement of sustained ceramide accumulation of ERK activation. Nature Medicine 6: 313-319. Health Canada legalized the possession and cultivation of medical marijuana on July 31, 2001. R. Doblin and M. Kleiman. 1991. Marijuana as anti-emetic medicine: a survey of oncologists attitudes and experiences. Journal of Clinical Oncology 9: 1275-1280. Reuters News Wire. April 23, 2001. Physicians divided on medical marijuana. Research Papers on Medicinal Marijuana - Chemistry EssayUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesGenetic EngineeringCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is ArtNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

Deerfield Massacre Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Deerfield Massacre Response - Assignment Example These are appropriately done to produce the right cue. The lighting technique was appropriate and realistic because, a part from suiting each of the scenes, it managed to manipulate the moods of the audience based on what the actors were doing. In terms of acting, the film featured quite entertaining and comical actors. They were so believable because they were featuring the real traits of the characters. What makes them fulfill their roles is the manner in which they handle themselves. For example, I was so pleased by the manner the actor kept on talking alone and dancing himself to the tunes of his music (Kenneth 39). Besides, the organization of the film enabled the actors to be audible and loud enough to be heard by any audience. I was particularly impressed by the protagonist who thrilled e by comically using gestures, movements and cordially relating with other characters throughout the film. The other important element included in this film is consumes. Each of the actors chose the right and most appropriate costume. Each of these matched their roles, behaviors, characters and personal traits displayed throughout the action. It makes them be as admirable as they comically interact with one another. For example, the protagonist is really entertaining because he behaves weirdly especially when enjoying his music in a lonely room (Kenneth). Thus, I agree that the Drowsy Chaperone is an entertaining film. Its cinematography techniques are

How has the smoking area in Regent's Business School changed the Essay

How has the smoking area in Regent's Business School changed the smoking habits of the students - Essay Example Regents Business School takes its responsibility to offer harmless, healthy surroundings for the entire community members as well as visitors. The school accepts and supports the view that tobacco use in whatever form, â€Å"active and/or passive† (Noland, 2005, p. 87), is a major health risk. Moreover, the institution believes that environmental tobacco smoke has been categorizes as a â€Å"Class-A carcinogen† (Noland, 2005, p. 89), and that there is no protected level of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Regardless of declines in smoking levels during the last 20 years, tobacco use stays a major public health issue. In accordance with latest estimates, smoking is the primary source of avertable fatality in UK. Cigarette use by college students is of special concern since they have a significantly higher occurrence of smoking compared with the common adult population (Sussman et al, 1995, p. 111). Where designated smoking areas are made, consideration is given to lessening the risks linked with smoke-drift into access spots as well as internal workplaces. Threat reducing plans for designated smoking areas take account of (1) restricting the amount of designated smoking areas; (2) guaranteeing that the area is far from cross-traffic, entrances or pathways, air conditioning gear, as well as building doorways. Thirdly, giving containers to throw away cigarette butts; (4) placing understandable signs mentioning that designated smoking areas are just for smoking, and that smoking is not allowed at any another place on campus; and (5) assessing these smoking areas as part of a policy evaluation (Fibkins, 2000, p. 102). Designated smoking areas are available at the campus where students can smoke without damaging other non-smoker students wellbeing. Second hand smoke is at the top of list of safety issues about smoking on college campuses. More or less 25,000 deaths per year in UK are